A 3D paper-based analytical device (3D-osPAD) featuring in situ gold signal amplification allows for the rapid, highly sensitive detection of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies within just 10 minutes, providing enhanced sensitivity and accurate clinical diagnosis for adult-onset immunodeficiency.
Researchers from National Taiwan University have engineered a swift, low-cost paper-based test to uncover hidden immune defects that leave patients susceptible to severe, chronic infections. The device identifies harmful autoantibodies that neutralize interferon-gamma, an essential immune molecule, making patients prone to challenging-to-diagnose illnesses. The study is published in Biosensors and Bioelectronics.
Biosensors and BioelectronicsThe test consists of a 3D folded paper structure with integrated gold nanoparticle signal amplification, where all necessary reagents are preloaded into layered compartments. A single drop of diluted blood serum initiates the reaction automatically, generating results in just 10 minutes.
This one-step design not only simplifies the process but also enhances sensitivity by tenfold compared to traditional methods, enabling detection of even trace levels of autoantibodies at disease onset.
Clinical validation demonstrates the device's 100% sensitivity and specificity, accurately diagnosing patients with immune-related disorders. Its portability and ease-of-use make it highly suitable for point-of-care rapid diagnosis, treatment guidance, and patient monitoring, both in hospitals and remote settings.
"Our aim is to develop user-friendly, highly sensitive analytical tools that can be used on-site without relying on expensive laboratory equipment," states Prof. Chien-Fu Chen, the study's corresponding author.